The Goat on the Rooftop

Today's story is inspired by a traditional Aesop's fable, number 98 in the Perry corpus.

The Goat on the Rooftop

A young goat once managed to climb up onto the roof of the barn. As he stood there looking down, he saw a wolf who happened to be passing by. "Hey Wolf!" he shouted. "I can smell your stinking breath all the way up here!" The wolf paused, looked up at the little goat, but said nothing. "Didn't you hear me?" the kid shouted more loudly. "I CAN SMELL YOUR STINKING BREATH ALL THE WAY UP HERE." Still the wolf did not react. As the goat opened his mouth to bleat even more loudly, the wolf shouted back, "Enough already, little kid. It's not you who insults me, but the rooftop. If you really want to smell my breath, please, come on down!" The wolf waited for a moment and then, when the little goat did not come down, he snickered and continued on his way.

For my version, I wanted to make sure I included some actual insulting language by the goat; most versions of the fable do not include the actual insulting language. I also wanted to have the wolf say the "rooftop" was insulting him. The idea of a rooftop speaking insults is weird and funny. Of course, the wolf means that it is the kid's safe location on the rooftop that prompts his insults, but he expresses that idea with figurative language (another trademark feature of Aesop's fables), as if the rooftop could speak. Other versions have more practical locations for the little goat: on a haystack, peeping through a hole in the door, etc. But the rooftop goes back to the ancient Aesop, so I kept it.

I like the idea that the endomythium could function as a kind of proverbial statement that you could use in dialogue with an actual human being who is represented by the kid on the rooftop. If someone insults you because they can do so with impunity (for whatever reason), you can say back, "It's not you who insults me, but the rooftop." Such a saying doesn't make sense without the fable story, much like the proverbial "sour grapes," which also does not make sense unless you know the Aesop's fable about the fox and the grapes which are not, in fact, sour.

I won't invoke this many English versions every time, but I wanted to share a range here with my first fable to give people a sense of what goes on in the English Aesopic tradition. Many English authors (and these are just a few of them!) have retold the stories, each in their own way; I am just the latest in that very long tradition.

Here is the fable told very briefly in a popular 18th-century Latin textbook based on Aesop's fables which contains Latin fables with extremely literal English translations (click on the image for a larger view):

As you can see, no details about the insults, a boring endomythium (but at least there is an endomythium!), and a "moral of the story" which is pretty tedious too.

Much the same likewise in the popular Croxall's Aesop: A kid, being mounted upon the roof of a shed and seeing a wolf below, loaded him with all manner of reproaches. Upon which the wolf, looking up, replied, “Do not value yourself, vain creature, upon thinking you mortify me, for I look upon this ill language as not coming from you, but from the place which protects you.” This illustration is from an edition of Croxall:

Joseph Jacobs includes the goat's insults, but they are very pious insults, not really visceral. To his credit, Jacobs lets the wolf have the last word; no epimythium: A Kid was perched up on the top of a house, and looking down saw a Wolf passing under him. Immediately he began to revile and attack his enemy. "Murderer and thief," he cried, "what do you here near honest folks' houses? How dare you make an appearance where your vile deeds are known?" "Curse away, my young friend," said the Wolf. "It is easy to be brave from a safe distance." 

This version from the anonymous Aesop for Children actually does have a good epimythium, with a nice proverbial style to it. If I were forced to include an epimythium, I would choose this one: A frisky young Kid had been left by the herdsman on the thatched roof of a sheep shelter to keep him out of harm's way. The Kid was browsing near the edge of the roof, when he spied a Wolf and began to jeer at him, making faces and abusing him to his heart's content. "I hear you," said the Wolf, "and I haven't the least grudge against you for what you say or do. When you are up there it is the roof that's talking, not you." Do not say anything at any time that you would not say at all times. (Note also that the author also wondered just how and why a goat would be on a rooftop and came up with an ingenious explanation of their own.)

My favorite English version is this one in verse by Herford! It doesn't include the kid's actual insults, but the wolf does invoke the hayloft in his reply: 'Tis the Loft laughs at me, not you. That would definitely make a good freestanding proverb of its own.

A Kid, safe in a hayloft high,

Laughed at a Wolf that happened by;

"Well," said the Wolf, "I must admit

Up there you have the best of it;

But let the Hayloft have its due,

'Tis the Loft laughs at me, not you;

If you don't think so, try your wit

Down here, and see who laughs at it!"

Here is Herford's illustration:

L'Estrange's English Aesop is always lively, and I like how his wolf also makes a threat at the end: As a Wolfe was passing by a Poor Country Cottage, a Kid spy'd him through a Peeping-Hole in the Door, and sent a Hundred Curses along with him. Sirrah (says the Wolfe) if I had ye out of your Castle, I'd make ye give Better Language. The Moral. A Coward in his Castle makes a Great Deal more Bluster then a Man of Honour. (You can also read L'Estrange's longer reflexion on the fable too; as always with L'Estrange, it's fun reading.)

Click here for more illustrations and English versions of this fable, and for more "favorite fables" at this blog, see the Aesopica label. You can find out more about this retelling project, see this post: Favorite Aesop's Fables.

Favorite Aesop's Fables

I've been blogging public domain versions of Aesop in English here at this blog, and it is still my intention to produce a big (VERY BIG) anthology of public domain Aesop. Over the past few months, however, thanks to many conversations about Aesop with Hector Tapia, I've decided that I also want to do another kind of Aesop anthology: Favorite Aesop's Fables, where I will be retelling the fables in my own way, hoping to recover what I consider to be the "real" Aesop, the oral Aesop, in which the fables are very short and end with a witty or wise comment from a character in the story, kind of like the punchline to a joke. 

When I wrote my dissertation on Aesop's fables (25 years ago! eeeek!), I coined the term "endomythium" (inside-the-story) to refer to this statement by a character in the fable which, in my opinion, marks the end of the fable, a formulaic conclusion that lets the audience know the story is done. In my opinion, this was the signature feature of Aesop's fables in their oral form. When they were written down and then became a literary genre in their own right, some fables retained this feature, but not all of them. Instead, the writers of fables more and more imposed their own formulaic structure, adding an authorial comment at the beginning of the fable, a "promythium" (before-the-story) and/or an authorial comment at the end of the fable, an "epimythium" (after-the-story). As you can see, I modeled my new term, endomythium, on those long-established terms.

In fact, the epimythium is now considered by many to be the defining formal feature of an Aesop's fable, usually called the "moral of the story." Yet, in my opinion, a fable doesn't need a moral; it needs a witty and/or wise endomythium. Sadly, though, the epimythium often supplanted the endomythium. The authors of the written fables wanted the last word, and they didn't even allow a fable character to have the last word in the recorded story itself. My goal, therefore, is to restore the endomythium to its original pride of place, and to do away with the epimythium. Maybe a promythium, maybe not... but there has to be an endomythium!

In some ways my project echoes the great Aesop translation project by Lloyd Daly which he entitled, provocatively, Aesop Without Morals (still available at the Internet Archive, although who knows for how long... but that's another story!).

In this book, Daly translated the Greek prose fable into English (following the Greek text in Ben Perry's Aesopica), along with the marvelous Life of Aesop (about which I will have things to say later). He also includes a few, but just a few, Latin fables translated into English. Most importantly, he dismisses the morals added to the fables by their anonymous authors as "little more than an insult to our intelligence," and confines them to an appendix in the back of the book. 

Daly considers the fables to be both proverbial and paradigmatic (a great characterization, in my opinion; I'll have lots more to say about proverbs in the future), and also to be highly rhetorical, a verbal tool used for attacking an opponent in an argument. Satirical. Insulting. Pointed, not pious. In other words: not didactic, and definitely not children's stories. Aesop for children came later. Much later.

As he describes the Greek prose fables, Daly notes, "Most fables end with the words of the principal character," which he also describes as an "epigrammatic climax, a punchline." That is what I am getting at with the term endomythium, but the endomythium need not be spoken by the principal character. There are some fables in which a random passerby pronounces the endomythium, for example, a formal feature that has much in common with the role of the Buddha-as-observer-but-not-participant in some of the Buddhist jataka tales (I'll have more to say about the jatakas later).

While Daly dispensed with the morals of the fables, he did adhere to the Greek texts, which means quite a few of the fables in his book do not have an endomythium. In my collection of favorite fables, I will proceed differently: like Daly, I will be removing the epimythium but, in addition, I will be restoring the endomythium. I am not claiming to restore the ancient Greek (or Latin) endomythium of the oral tradition; that would be impossible. Instead, I will be restoring an endomythium with an eye to my audience of contemporary English readers. Word-play is often a key feature of the endomythium, and word-play works differently in ancient Greek (or Latin) than in English. Daly, as a translator, was constrained to try to translate the Greek (or Latin) word-play into English, which is a nearly impossible task. My task will be much easier: I will freely invent the English endomythium to fit the story, using whatever English word-play I can conjure.

I will also be applying this technique to Aesopic fables in modern European languages, and to Aesop-like fables in other storytelling traditions around the world (and I'll have more to say later about what I consider to be the enormous debt of the Greek Aesop to both Africa and India). In addition, I will also try appropriating related genres, like jokes and emblem literature, to create some "new" Aesopic fables. They will not be new fables in the sense that I have invented them, but new fables in the sense that I have appropriated them from other genres and have retold them in what I consider to be true Aesopic style: a short, even very short, fable, and always with a witty and/or wise punchline.

So, this blog will now be the home not just to public domain texts of Aesop in English, but also to my own retold favorite fables. I'll borrow Perry's very congenial term "Aesopica" to use as the label for these posts going forward, and, especially as I get started, I'll add commentary to my fables to develop in more detail some of the ideas I have presented here.

I am excited to finally be doing this (after working on Aesop for well over 30 years now), and I am grateful to Hector Tapia for provoking me to dust off my Aesop files and try something new. Hopefully, it will turn out to be something both fun and useful! :-)

Roger L'Estrange (22)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

A Musician

A Man that had a very Coarse Voice, but an Excellent Musick-Room, would be still Practising in that Chamber, for the Advantage of the Eccho. He took such a Conceit upon't, that he must needs be shewing his Parts upon a Publick Theatre, where he Perform'd so very Ill, that the Auditory Hiss'd him off the Stage, and threw Stones at him.

A Man may Like himself very Well in his Own Glass, and yet the World not Fall in Love with him in Publick. But the Truth on't is, we are Partial in our own Case, and there's no Reading of our Selves but with Other Mens Eyes.

illustration by the Medici Aesop

A Boar Challenges an Ass

There pass'd some Hard Words betwixt a Boar and an Ass, and a Challenge follow'd upon't. The Boar depended upon his Tusks and computed within himself, that Head to Head the t'other could never be able to Encounter him. So he Advanc'd upon his Adversary: And the Ass, so soon as ever he had him within Distance, turn'd Tayl upon him, and gave him such a Lash over the Chops with his Iron Hoof, that he made him stagger again. The Boar after a little Pause, Recover'd himself. Well, (says he) I was not aware of such an Attack from that End.

No great Enterprize should be Undertaken without considering beforehand the Good or the Ill that may come of it.

A Daw and Pigeons

A Daw took a particular Notice of Pigeons in a certain Dovehouse , that they were well Fed and Provided for: So he went and Painted himself of a Dove-colour, and took his Commons with the Pigeons. So long as he kept his Own Counsel, he pass’d for a Bird of the same Feather; but it was his Hap once at Unawares, to cry KAW upon which Discovery they beat him out of the House, and when he came to his Old Companions again, they’d have none of him neither; so that he Lost himself both Ways by this Disguise.

He that Trims betwixt Two Interests, loses himself with Both, when he comes to be Detected, for being True to Neither.

illustration by a 19th-century Croxall

A Fox and a Hare to Jupiter

A Fox and a Hare presented a Petition to Jupiter. The Fox pray’d for the Hare’s swiftness of Foot, and the Hare for the Fox’s Craft and Wyliness of Address. Jupiter told them, since every Creature has some Advantage or other peculiar to itself, it would not stand with divine Justice, that had provided so well for every one in Particular, to confer all upon any one.

The Boundaries of Heaven are in such manner distributed, that every living Creature has its share; beside, that to desire Things against Nature, is effectually to blame the very Author of Nature itself.

Jupiter's Wedding

When the Toy had once taken Jupiter in the Head to enter into a State of Matrimony, he resolv'd, for the Honour of his Celestial Lady, that the whole World should keep a Festival upon the Day of his Marriage, and so Invited all Living Creatures, Tag, Rag, and Bob-tail, to the Solemnity of the Wedding. They all came in very good Time, saving only the Tortoise. Jupiter told him 'twas ill done to make the Company Stay, and ask'd him, Why so late? Why truly, says the Tortoise, I was at Home, at my Own House, my dearly Beloved House, and "Home is Home let it be never so Homely." Jupiter took it very Ill at his Hands, that he should think himself Better in a Ditch, than in a Palace, and so he pass'd this Judgment upon him; that since he would not be persuaded to come out of his House upon that occasion, he should never Stir abroad again from that Day forward, without his House upon his Head.

There's a Retreat of Sloth and Affection, as well as of Choice and Virtue: and a Beggar may be as Proud, and as happy too in a Cottage, as a Prince in a Palace.

illustration from a 17th-century Aesop

Clarke: English (22)

Here are some more fables from H. Clarke's Latin textbook Fabulae Aesopi selectae, or, Select fables of Aesop, and you can click here for all the fables reposted from this book at the blog.

106. Of the City Dogs Pursuing the Village One

Many city dogs pursued a certain village one with a hasty course, whom he a long while fled from nor dared to resist. But when, turned to them pursuing, he stopped, and he also began to show his teeth, they all equally stopped, nor any one of the city ones dared to approach him. Then the general of an army, who by chance was there, turned to his soldiers said, "Fellow-soldiers, this sight admonishes us that we do not fly when we see more present dangers to threaten us flying than resisting."

107. Of the Tortoise and the Frogs

The tortoise, having seen the frogs which were fed in the same pool, so light and nimble that easily they leaped anywhere and jumped very far, accused Nature that she had made her a slow animal and hindered with the greatest burden that neither was she able to move herself easily and daily was pressed with a great weight. But, when she saw the frogs become the food of the eels, and obnoxious even to the lightest blow, a little comforted, she said, "By how much is it better to bear a burden by which I am fortified to all blows than to undergo so many dangers of death!"

Moral. This fable shows that we should not bear discontentedly the gifts of Nature, which often are a greater advantage to us than we may be able to understand.

108. Of the Dormice Willing to Overturn the Oak

The dormice had designed to overturn the oak, an acorn-bearing tree, with their teeth that they might have food readier, that they might not be forced so often to ascend and descend for the sake of food. But one of these, who by far excelled the rest in age and experience of things, deterred them, saying, "If now we destroy our nourisher, who will afford nourishments to us and ours for future years?"

Moral. This fable advises that a prudent man ought to look into not only present things but, afar off, to foresee the future.

dormouse photo by Richard White at Flickr

109. Of the Dog and the Master

A certain man having a dog, that he should be beloved by him more, always fed him with his own hands and loosed him bound, but ordered him to be bound and beat by a servant that the benefits should seem to be conferred upon him by himself, but the ill turns by the servant. But the dog, bearing unkindly that he daily was bound and beat, fled away, and, when he was blamed by the master as ungrateful and unmindful of so great benefits, who had fled from him by whom he had been always beloved and fed but never bound and beaten, he answered, "I think that done by thee which a servant doth by thy command."

Moral. The fable shows that those are to be accounted evildoers who have been the cause of evil deeds.

110. Of the Birds Fearing the Beetles

A great fear had seized the birds, lest the beetles should kill them with a crossbow, by whom they had heard a great power of bullets had been forged on a dunghill with very great labor. Then the sparrow said, "Be not willing to fear, for how shall they be able to cast bullets flying through the air upon us, when scarce they can draw them on the ground with great labor?"

Moral. This fable admonishes us that we fear not the riches of enemies to whom we see that wit is wanting.

Roger L'Estrange (21)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

A Hound and a Mastiff

There was a Man had Two Dogs; One for the Chase, T’other to look to the House; and whatever the Hound Took Abroad, the House-Dog had his Part on’t at Home. T’other Grumbled at it, that when he took all the Pains the Mastiff should reap the Fruit of his Labours. Well, says the House-Dog, That’s none of my Fault, but my Master's, that has not Train'd me up to Work for my self, but to Eat what others have Provided for me.

Fathers and Masters have a great deal to Answer for, if their Children and Servants do not do as they should do.

illustration from a 17th-century Aesop

A Bee that went over to the Drones

To what End (says a Bee) should I Toyl and Moyl my self out of my Life for a Poor Subsistence, when the Drones that do nothing at all, Live in as much Plenty every jot as I do? Upon this Thought, the Bee Resolv'd after their Example to work no longer. The Master it seems call'd her to Account for't; the Bee took Pet upon't, and without any more to do, went over to the Drones Party, where she pass'd the Summer easily enough, and to her Satisfaction. But upon the Winters coming on, when the Drones were all Dispers'd into their several Holes, the Bee would fain have gone Home again; but the Cells of the Combs were all Clos'd, so that there was no Entrance, and the Poor Bee Starv'd to Death betwixt Cold and Hunger.

It is all the reason in the World, that every Man in what Station soever, should Work in some sort or other for his Living. Nature her self is always at Work; and a Prince has no more Prerogative to be Idle, then a Beggar.

Mercury and Tiresias

Mercury had a great Mind to try if Tiresias was so Famous a Diviner as the World took him for, or not. So he went and stole Tiresias's Oxen; and order'd the Matter to be in the Company of Tiresias, as upon Business by the Bye, when the News should be brought him of the Loss of his Oxen. Mercury went to Tiresias in the Shape of a Man; and the Tidings came as Mercury had contriv'd it: Upon this, he took Mercury up to a high Tower, hard by, and bad him look well about him, and tell him what Birds he saw. Why, says Mercury, I see an Eagle upon Wing there, that takes her Course from the Right-hand to the Left. That Eagle (says Tiresias) is nothing to our Purpose; wherefore pray look again once. Mercury stood Gazing a while, and then told Tiresias of a Crow he had discover'd upon a Tree, that was one while looking up into the Air, and another while down towards the Ground: That's enough (says Tiresias) for this Motion of the Crow, is as much as to say, I do Appeal to Heaven, and to Earth, that the Man that is now with Tiresias, can help him to his Oxen again if he pleases.

This Fable is of a General Application to all Bold and Crafty Thieves and impostors. It serves also to set forth the Vanity of Wizards, Fortune-Tellers, and the like.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

A Fig-Tree and a Thorn

A Fig-Tree and a Thorn were valuing themselves once upon the Advantage that the one had over the other. Well, says the Thorn, what would you give for such Flowers as These? Very Good, says the Fig-Tree, and what would you give for such Fruit as This? Why, says the other, 'twould be against Nature for a Thorn to bring forth Figs. Well (says t'other again) and 'twould be against Nature too, for a Fig-Tree to bring forth Flowers: Beside that, I have Fruit you see, that is much better.

Every Creature has a Share in the Common Blessings of Providence; and it is a Virtue as well as a Duty for every Creature to rest well satisfied with its Proportion in those Comforts; but when we come once to Boast or our selves, and to Derogate from others, 'tis no longer a Virtue but a Vanity; and especially when we Mistake the Value of things, and prefer the Advantages of Beauty, before those of Use and Service.

An Unhappy Match

There was a Man, a long time ago, that had got a Shrew to his Wife, and there could be no Quiet in the House for her. The Husband was willing however to make the Best of a Bad Game, and so for Experiment sake, he sent her away for a while to her Father’s. When he came a little after to take her Home again, Prithee Sweet-heart (says he) How go Matters in the House where thou hast been? In troth, says she, they go I know not how: But there’s none of the Family, you must know, can endure me: No not so much as the very Hinds and Ploughmen; I could read it in the Faces of them. Ah Wife! Says the Husband, If People that rise Early and come Home Late, and are all Day out of your Sight, cannot be Quiet for ye, what a Case is your poor Husband in, that must Spend his whole Life in your Company?

When Man and Wife cannot Agree, Prudence will oblige the One, and Modesty the Other, to put all their little Controversies into their Pockets, and make the Best of a Bad Game.

illustration by Grandville

Clarke: English (21)

Here are some more fables from H. Clarke's Latin textbook Fabulae Aesopi selectae, or, Select fables of Aesop, and you can click here for all the fables reposted from this book at the blog.

101. Of the Four-Footed Beasts Entering into an Alliance with the Fishes against the Birds

The four-footed beasts, when war was proclaimed against them by the birds, enter into a league with the fishes that they would defend them with their help from the fury of the birds. But, when they expected the desired succours, the fishes deny that they are able to come to them by land.

Moral. This fable advises us that we do not make them companions to us who, when there is need, are not able to be present to us.

102. Of a Man who Went to a Cardinal Lately Created for the Sake of Congratulating Him

A certain man, very facetious, hearing that his friend was preferred to the dignity of the cardinalship, went to him for the sake of congratulating him, who, puffed up with the honor, dissembling to know his old friend, asked who he was. To whom he said, as he was ready at jests, "I pity thee and others who arrive at honors of this kind, for, as soon as ye have obtained dignities of this kind, so do you lose sight and hearing and the other senses, that no longer do ye distinguish old friends."

Moral. This fable denotes those who, raised up on high, despise ancient friendships.

103. Of the Eagle and the Magpie

The magpie asked the eagle that she would receive her among her familiars and domestics, seeing that she deserved that, both by beauty of body and volubility of tongue to despatch commands. To whom the eagle answered, "I should do this, unless I feared lest thou shouldst bear abroad all things by thy talkativeness which may be done within my roof."

Moral. This fable advises that talkative and prating men are not to be had at home.

illustration by Grandville

104. Of a Thrush Entering into Friendship with a Swallow

The thrush boasted that he had contracted a friendship with the swallow, to whom the mother said, "Son, thou art a fool if thou believe that thou art able to live with her, seeing that each of you is wont to desire different places, for thou art delighted with cold places, she with warm."

Moral. We are advised by this fable that we do not make them friends to us whose life differeth from ours.

105. Of a Certain Rich Man and his Servant

There was a certain rich man having a servant of a slow wit whom he used to call the king of fools. He, often irritated at these words, resolved to return the like to his master, for once turned upon his master, he said, "I wish I was the king of fools, for no empire in the whole globe of lands would be wider than mine, and thou also wouldst be under my empire."

Moral. The fable shows that a fool often speaks pertinently.

Roger L'Estrange (20)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

Fishing in Troubled Waters

A Fisherman had order'd his Net for a Draught, and still as he was gathering it up, he dash'd the Water, to fright the Fish into the Bag. Some of the Neighbourhood that look'd on, told him that he did ill to muddle the Water so, and spoil their Drink. Well (says he) but I must either Spoil your Drink, or have nothing to Eat my self.

There's no Engaging the Mobile in a Sedition, till their Heads are so muddled first with Frights and Visions, that they can neither See, Hear, nor Understand.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

An Old Woman and the Devil

'Tis a common Practice, when People draw Mischiefs upon their own Heads, to cry, the Devil's in't and the Devil's in't. Now the Devil happen'd to spy an Old Woman upon an Apple-tree. Look ye (says he) you shall see that Beldam catch a Fall there by and by, and break her Bones, and then say 'twas all along of me. Pray, good People, will you bear me Witness, that I was none of her Adviser. The Woman got a Tumble, as the Devil said she would, and there was she at it, The Devil ought her a Shame, and it was the Devil that put her upon't: But the Devil clear'd himself by sufficient Evidence that he had no Hand in't at all.

We are apt to ascribe our Successes in this World, and to impute our Misfortunes to wrong Causes. We assume the One to our selves, and charge the other upon Providence.

A Wolf and a Sheep

A Wolf that lay Licking of his Wounds, and extreamly Faint and Ill upon the Biting of a Dog, call’d out to a Sheep that was passing by. Hark ye Friend (says he) if thou wouldst but help me to a Soup of Water out of the same Brook there, I could make a Shift to get my self somewhat to Eat. Yes, said the Sheep, I make no Doubt on’t; but when I bring ye Drink, my Carcase shall serve ye for Meat to’t.

It is a Charitable and Christian Office to relieve the Poor and the Distressed; but this Duty does not Extend to Sturdy Beggars, that while they are receiving Alms with One Hand, are ready to Beat out a Man’s Brains with the Other.

illustration by Conde

Jupiter and Fraud

Jupiter appointed Mercury to make him a Composition of Fraud and Hypocrisy, and to give every Artificer his Dose on't. The Medicine was prepar'd according to the Bill, and the Proportions duly Observ'd, and Divided: Only there was a great deal too Much of it made, and the Overplus remain'd still in the Mortar. Upon Examining the whole Account, there was a mistake, it seems, in the Reck'ning; for the Taylors were forgotten in the Catalogue: So that Mercury for Brevity sake, gave the Taylors the whole Quantity that was Left; and from hence comes the Old Saying; There's Knavery in all Trades, but Most in Taylors.

It is in some sort Natural to be a Knave. We are Made so, in the very Composition of our Flesh and Blood; Only Fraud is called Wit in One Case, good Husbandry in Another, &c. while 'tis the whole Business of the World for One Man to Couzen Another.

Jupiter and Modesty

Man was made in such a Hurry (according to the Old Fable) that Jupiter had forgotten to put Modesty into his Composition, among his other Affections; and finding that there was no way of Introducing it afterwards, Man by Man, he proposed the turning of it Loose among the Multitude: Modesty took her self at first to be a little hardly Dealt withal, but in the end, came over to Agree to't, upon Condition that Carnal Love might not be suffer'd to come into the same Company; for where-ever that comes, says she, I'm gone.

Sensual Love knows neither Bars nor Bounds. We are all Naturally Impudent; only by Custom, and Fig-leaves, we have been taught to Disguise the Matter, and look Demurely; and that's it which we call Modesty.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

Roger L'Estrange (19)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

A Nightingale and a Bat

As a Nightingale was Singing in a Cage at a Window, up comes a Bat to her, and Asks her why she did not Sing in the Day, as well as in the Night. Why (says the Nightingale) I was catch'd Singing in the Day, and so I took it for a Warning: You should have thought of this then, says T'other, before you was Taken; for as the Case stands now, Y'are in no Danger to be Snapt Singing again.

A Wrong Reason for the Doing of a Thing, is worse than no Reason at all.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

An Ape and a Dolphin

People were us’d in the Days of Old, to carry Gamesome Puppies and Apes with ‘em out to Sea, to pass away the Time withal. Now there was One of these Apes, it seems, aboard a Vessel that was cast away in a very great Storm. As the Men were Padling for their Lives, and an Ape for Company, a certain Dolphin that took him for a Man, got him upon his Back, and was making towards Land with him. He had him into a safe Road call’d the Pyraeus, and took occasion to ask the Ape whether he was an Athenian or not? He told him Yes, and of a very Ancient Family there. Why then (says the Dolphin) you know Pyraeus: Oh! Exceedingly well, says t’other (taking it for the Name of a Man). Why Pyraeus is my particular good Friend. The Dolphin upon this, had such an Indignation for the Impudence of the Buffoon-Ape, that he gave him the Slip from between his Legs, and there was an end of my very good Friend, the Athenian.

Bragging, Lying, and Pretending, has Cost many a Man his Life and Estate.

illustration by Bransom

A Swallow and a Crow

Upon a Dispute betwixt a Swallow and a Crow, which was the Greater Beauty of the Two: Yours, says the Crow, is only a Spring-Beauty, but mine lasts all the Year round.

Of two Things equally Good, that’s the Best that lasts the longest.

A Sow and a Bitch

A Sow and a Bitch had a Dispute once, which was the Fruitfuller of the Two. The Sow Yielded it at last to the Bitch; but you are to take Notice at the same time, says she, that your Puppies are All Blind.

The Question among all Sorts of Competitors is not Who does most but who does Best.

illustration from the 17th-century Aesop

A Boy and Cockles

Some People were Roasting of Cockles, and they Hiss’d in the Fire. Well (says a blockheaded Boy) These are Villainous Creatures sure, to Sing when their Houses are a-fire over their Heads.

Nothing can be Well that’s out of Season.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

Clarke: English (20)

Here are some more fables from H. Clarke's Latin textbook Fabulae Aesopi selectae, or, Select fables of Aesop, and you can click here for all the fables reposted from this book at the blog.

96. Of the Beam and the Oxen Drawing It

An elm beam complained of the oxen, saying, "O ungrateful, I have fed you a long time with my leaves, but you draw me, your nourisher, through stones and dirt. To whom the oxen, "Our sighs and groans, and the goad with which we are pricked, are able to teach thee that unwilling we draw thee.

Moral. This fable teaches us that we should not be hot against them who hurt us not of their own accord.

illustration by Detmold

97. Of the Eel Complaining that He Was Infested More than the Serpent

An eel asked the serpent why, seeing that they were alike and kinsfolk, men yet pursued him rather than her. To whom the serpent said, "Because seldom do they hurt me unpunished."

Moral. This fable shows that they are wont to be hurt less who revenge.

illustration from a 16th-century Aesop

98. Of the Ass, the Ape, and the Mole

The ass, complaining that he wanted horns, but the ape, that a tail was wanting to him, the mole said, "Hold your peace, when you see me to be deprived of eyes."

Moral. This fable pertains to them who are not content with their own condition; who, if they considered the misfortunes of others, would bear their own with a more patient mind.

illustration by Bewick

99. Of the Mariners Imploring the Help of the Saints

A certain mariner overtaken at sea with a sudden and dark tempest, the rest of his companions imploring the help of different saints, said, "Ye know not what ye ask, for, before that those saints can betake themselves to God for our deliverance, we shall be overwhelmed in this imminent storm. Fly therefore to him who, without the help of another, will be able to deliver us from so great evils." Therefore, the help of Almighty God being invoked, presently the storm ceased.

Moral. Do not fly to the weaker where the help of a more powerful may be had.

100. Of the Fishes Leaping out of the Frying-Pan into the Coals

Fishes yet alive were cooked in a frying-pan with scalding oil, one of which said, "O brethren, let us fly hence that we may not perish." Then all in like manner leaping out of the frying-pan fell upon the burning coals. Therefore affected with greater pain, they condemned the counsel which they had taken, saying, "By how much a more cruel death now do we perish!"

Moral. This fable admonishes us that we avoid the present dangers so that we do not fall into more grievous.

Roger L'Estrange (18)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

A Fox and a Crab

A Fox that was sharp-set, Surpriz’d a Crab, as he lay out of the Sea upon the Sands, and carried him away. The Crab, when he found that he was to be Eaten, Well (says he) this comes of Meddling where we have Nothing to do; for my Bus’ness lay at Sea, not upon the Land.

No Body Pities a Man for any Misfortune that Befals him, in Matters out of his Way, Bus’ness, or Calling.

illustration by Herford

A Stag with One Eye

A one ey’d Stag was afraid of the Huntsmen at Land, kept a Watch that Way with T’other Eye, and fed with his blind-side toward an Arm of the Sea, where he thought there was no Danger. In this Prospect of Security, he was Struck with an Arrow from a Boat, and so ended his Days with this Lamentation: Here am I destroy’d, says he, where I reckon’d my Self to be Safe on the One Hand; and no Evil has befall’n me, where I most Dreaded it, on the Other.

We are liable to Many Unlucky Accidents that no care or Foresight can Prevent: But we are to provide the Best we can against them, and leave the Rest to Providence.

illustration by Tenniel

A Sow and a Dog

There pass'd some hard Words betwixt a sow and a Dog, and the Sow swore by Venus, that she'd tear his Guts out, if he did not mend his Manners. Ay, says the Dog, you do well to call upon her for your Patroness, that will not so much as endure any Creature about her that Eat Swine's Flesh. Well (says the Sow) and that's a Token of her Love, to hate any Thing that hurts me; but for Dog's Flesh, 'tis good neither Dead, nor Living.

Where the Matter in Controversy will not bear an Argument, 'tis a Turn of Art to bring it off with a Paradox.

A Swan and a Goose

The Master of a House brought up a Swan and a Goose both together; the One for his Ear, and the Other for his Belly. He gave Orders for the Goose to be taken up and Dress’d for Dinner. But the Place was so Dark, that the Cook took One for T’other. This Mistake had Cost the Swan her Life, if she had not Sung in that very Instant, and discover’d her self; by which Means she both sav’d her Life and Express’d her Nature.

A Man cannot be too Careful of what he does, where the Life of any Creature is in Question.

illustration by Billinghurst

Mercury and a Statuary

Mercury had a great Mind once to Learn what Credit he had in the World, and he knew no better Way, than to Put on the Shape of a Man, and take Occasion to Discourse the Matter as by the Bye, with a Statuary: So he went to the House of a Great Master, where, among other Curious Figures, he saw several Excellent Pieces of the Gods. The first he Cheapen’d was a Jupiter, which would have come at a very easy Rate. Well (says Mercury) and what’s the Price of that Juno over there? The Carver set it a little Higher. The next Figure was a Mercury, with his Rod and Wings, and all the Ensigns of his Commission. Why this is as it should be, says he to himself: For here am I in the Quality of Jupiter’s Messenger, and the Patron of Artizans, with all my Trade about me: And now will this Fellow ask me Fifteen Times as much for this as the did t’other: And so he put it to him, what he valued that Piece at: Why truly, says the Statuary, you seem to be a Civil Gentleman, give me but my Price for the other Two, and you shall e’en have That into the Bargain.

This is to put the Vanity of those Men out of Countenance, that by Setting too high a Value upon themselves, appear by so much the more Despicable to Others.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

Roger L'Estrange (17)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

Two Neighbour-Frogs

There were Two Neighbour-Frogs; One of them Liv’d in a Pond, and the Other in the High-way hard-by. The Pond-Frog finding the Water begin to fail upon the Road, would have fain have gotten T’other Frog over to her in the Pool; where she might have been Safe; but she was wonted to the Place, she said, and would not Remove. And what was the End on’t now, but the Wheel of a Cart drove over her a while after, and Crush’d her to Pieces?

Some People are so Listless and Slothful, that they’ll rather Lie still and Die in a Ditch, than stir one Finger to Help themselves out on’t.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

A Bat, Bramble, and Cormorant

A Bat, a Bramble, and a Cormorant, enter'd into Covenants with Articles, to join Stocks, and Trade in Partnership together. The Bat's Adventure was ready Money that he took up at Interest; the Bramble's was in Clothes; and the Cormorant's in Brass. They put to Sea, and so it fell out, that Ship and Goods were both lost by stress of Weather: But the three Merchants by Providence got safe to Land. Since the time of this Miscarriage, the Bat never stirs abroad till Night, for fear of his Creditors. The Bramble lays hold of all the Cloaths he can come at in hope to light upon his own again: And the Cormorant is still sauntering by the Sea side, to see if he can find any of his Brass cast up.

The Impression of any notable Misfortune will commonly stick by a Man as long as he lives.

illustration by Grandville

A Wife and a Drunken Husband

A Woman that lay under the Mortification of A Fudling Husband, took him once when he was dead Drunk; and had his Body laid in a Charnel-House. By the time she thought he might be come to Himself again, away goes she, and Knocks at the Door. Who's There? (says the Toper) One, says the Woman, that brings Meat for the Dead. Friend, says he, bring me Drink rather. I wonder any Body that knows me, should bring me one without T'other. Nay then, says she, the Humour I perceive has taken Possession of him; he has gotten a habit, and his Case is Desperate.

Inveterate Ill Habits become Another Nature to us, and we may almost as well be Taken to Pieces, and New put together again, as Mended.

illustration from a 19th-century Croxall

A Raven and a Swan

A Raven had a great Mind to be as White as a Swan, and Fancy’d To Himself that the Swan’s Beauty proceeded in a high Degree, from his often Washing and Dyet. The Raven, upon this, quitted his former Course of Life and Food, and betook himself to the Lakes and Rivers: But as the Water did him no Good at all for his Complexion, so the Experiment Cost him his Life for want of Sustenance.

Natural Inclinations may be Moulded and Wrought upon by Good Councel and Discipline; but there are certain Specifick Properties and Impressions, that are never to be Alter’d or Defac’d.

illustration by Milo Winter

A Bee-Master

There came a Thief into a Bee-Garden in the absence of the Master, and Robb'd the hives. The Owner discover'd it upon his Return, and stood Pausing a while to Bethink himself how this should come to pass. The Bees in this interim came Laden home out of the Fields from Feeding, and missing their Combs, they fell Powdering down in Swarms upon their Master. Well (says he) you are a Company of Senseless and Ungrateful Wretches, to let a Stranger go away Quietly that has Rifled ye, and to bend all your Spite against your Master, that is at this Instant beating his Brains how he may Repair and Preserve ye.

'Tis the Course of the World for People to take their Friends for their Foes, and to use them accordingly.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

Clarke: English (19)

Here are some more fables from H. Clarke's Latin textbook Fabulae Aesopi selectae, or, Select fables of Aesop, and you can click here for all the fables reposted from this book at the blog.

91. Of the Pigeon and the Magpie

A pigeon being asked by the pie what could induce her that she built always in the same place, when her young always were taken from thence, answered: simplicity.

Moral. This fable shows that good men often are deceived easily.

92. Of the Ass and the Calf

An ass and a calf, when they were fed in the same pasture, perceived an enemy's army to approach by the sound of a bell. Then the calf said, "O companion, let us flee hence, lest the enemies lead away us captives." To whom the ass answered, "Fly thou, whom the enemies have been used to slay and to eat; it is no concern of the ass, to whom everywhere the same condition of bearing a burden is offered."

Moral. This fable warns servants that they fear not greatly to change their lords, provided that the future be not worse than the former.

93. Of the Fox and the Women Eating the Hens

A fox passing near a certain vaillage saw a crowd of women eating in deep silence very many hens daintily roasted. To whom being turned, he said, "What clamors and barkings of dogs would be against me, if I did what you do?" To whom a certain old woman, answering, said, "We eat what are ours, but thou stealest other men's things."

Moral. What is mine does not belong to thee. Do not steal; be content with thine own things.

94. Of the Fat Capons

A certain man had brought up very many capons in the same coop, who all were made fat except one, which his brethren laughed at as lean. The master about to receive noble guests in a neat and sumptuous banquet, commands the cook that he should kill and cook out of these which he should find the fatter. The fat, hearing this, afflicted themselves, saying, "O if we had been lean!"

Moral. This fable was invented for the comfort of the poor whose life is safer than the life of the rich.

95. Of the Swan Singing in Death, Reprehended by the Stork

A swan, dying, was asked by the stork why in death, which other animals so much fear, he sent forth sounds much sweeter than in all his life, when rather he ought to be sad. To whom the swan said, "Because I shall not be tormented longer with the care of seeking meat."

Moral. This fable admonishes that we do not fear death, by which all the miseries of the present life are cut off.

illustration by Bewick

Roger L'Estrange (16)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

Wasps, Partridges, and a Husbandman

A Flight of Wasps, and a Covey of Partridges that were hard put to’t for Water, went to a Farmer, and begg’d a Soup of him to quench their Thirst. The Partridges offer’d to dig his Vineyard for’t, and the Wasps to secure him from Thieves. Pray hold your Hand, says the good Man; I have Oxen and Dogs that do me these Offices already, without standing upon Terms. And therefore it will become me to provide for them in the first Place.

Charity begins at home, but the necessary Duty of it in one place does not discharge the christian Exercise of it in another.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

A Peach, an Apple and a Blackberry

There happen’d a Controversy once betwixt a Peach and an Apple, which was the fairer Fruit of the two. They were so loud in their Discourse, that a Blackberry, from the next Hedge, over-heard them. Come (says the Blackberry) we are all Friends, and pray let’s have no jangling among ourselves.

Every thing would be thought greater in the World than it is; and the Root of it is this, that it first thinks itself so.

illustration by Detmold

Fishermen Disappointed

Some Fishermen that had been out a whole Day with a drag-Net, and caught nothing, had a Draught toward the Evening, that came home very heavy, which put ‘em in hope of a Sturgeon at least; but upon bringing the Net a-shore, it prov’d to be only one great Stone, and a few little Fishes. Upon this Disappointment they were down in the Mouth again; but says one of the Company that was a little graver than the rest, you are to consider, my Masters, that Joy and Sorrow are two Sisters that follow one another by Turns.

All our Purchases in this World are but the catching of a Tartar, as we say, but it is some Comfort yet to consider, that when Things are at worst they’ll mend.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

A Lark in a Net

A poor Lark enter'd into a miserable Expostulation with a Bird-Catcher, that had Taken her in his Net, and was just about to put her to Death. Alas, (says she) What am I to Die for now? I am no Theif; I have Stol'n neither Gold, not Silver; but for making Bold with One Pitiful Grain of Corn am I now to Suffer.

'Tis to no Purpose to stand Reasoning, where the Adversary is both Party and Judge.

illustration from a 19th-century Croxall

A Snake and a Crab

There was a Familiarity Contracted betwixt a Snake and a Crab. The Crab was a Plain Dealing Creature, that Advis'd his Companion to give over Shuffling and Doubling, and to Practise Good Faith. The Snake went on in his old Way: So that the Crab finding that he would not MenD his Manners, set upon him in his Sleep, and Strangled him; and then looking upon him as he lay Dead at his Length: This had never befall'n ye, says he, if you had but liv'd as Straight as You Dy'd.

There's Nothing more Agreeable in Conversation, than a Frank, Open way of Dealing, and a Simplicity of Manners.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

Clarke: English (18)

Here are some more fables from H. Clarke's Latin textbook Fabulae Aesopi selectae, or, Select fables of Aesop, and you can click here for all the fables reposted from this book at the blog.

86. Of the Crow and the Wolves

A crow accompanies wolves through the high tops of the mountains; he demands a part of the prey for himself because he had followed and had not forsook them at any time. Then he is repulsed by the wolves because no less would he devour the entrails of the wolves, if they should be slain, than the entrails of other animals.

Moral. Not what we do is always to be looked into, but of what mind we are when we do it.

87. Of the Mouse Born in a Chest

A mouse born in a chest had led almost all his life there, fed with nuts, which were wont to be kept in it. But whilst playing about the edges of the chest, he fell down and tried at getting up. He found dainties most sumptuously prepared, which when he had begun to taste, he said, "How foolish have I been hitherto, who believed there was nothing in the whole world better than my little chest! Behold: how I am fed with sweeter meats here!"

Moral. This fable shows that our country is not to be beloved so that we may not go to those places where we may be able to be more happy.

88. Of the Countryman Obtaining that Wheat Should Grow without Beards

A certain countryman had obtained from Ceres that wheat should grow without beards, lest it should hurt the hands of the reapers and threshers; which, when it grew ripe, was ate up by the small birds. Then the countryman said, "How worthily I suffer, who, for the sake of a small commodity, have lost even the greatest advantages!"

Moral. The fable shows that small disadvantages are to be weighed with a greater profit.

 

89. Of the Hawk Pursuing the Pigeon

When the hawk pursued the pigeon with a speedy flight, having entered a certain village, he was taken by a countryman whom he besought mildly that he would dismiss him. "For," said he, "I have not hurt thee." To whom the countryman answered, "Nor had she hurt thee."

Moral. The fable shews that they are punished deservedly who endeavor to hurt the innocent.

illustration by Barlow

90. Of the Countryman about to Pass over a River

A countryman about to pass over a torrent, which by chance had increased by the showers, sought a shallow, and when he had tried that part of the river which seemed more quiet and smooth, he found it deeper than he had thought. Again he came to a shallower and safer part; there the river ran down with a greater noise of waters. Then he said with himself, "How much more safely are we able to trust our life in the clamorous waters than in the quiet and silent."

Moral. We are admonished by this fable that we should fear men verbose and threatening less than the quiet.

Roger L'Estrange (15)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

A Flea and a Man

A Fellow finding somewhat prick him, popt his finger upon the Place, and it prov’d to be a Flea. What art thou, says he, for an Animal, to suck thy Livelyhood out of my Carcass? Why ‘tis the Livelyhood (says the Flea) that Nature has allotted me, and my stinging is not mortal neither. Well, says the Man, but ‘tis troublesome however: And now I have ye, I’ll secure ye for ever hurting me again, either little or much.

Live and let live, is the Rule of common Justice; but if People will be troublesome on the one hand, the Obligation is discharg’d on the other.

illustration by Rackham

Apples and Horse-Turds

Upon a very great Fall of Rain, the Current carried away a huge Heap of Apples, together with a Dunghill that lay in the Watercourse. They floated a good while together like Brethren and Companions; and as they went thus dancing down in the Stream, the Horse-Turds would be every foot crying out still, Alack-a-day! How we Apples swim!

Every thing would be thought greater in the World than it is; and the Root of it is this, that it first thinks itself so.

illustration by Mulready

A Boy and a Snake

A Boy was groping for Eels, and laid his hand upon a Snake, but the Snake, finding that it was pure Simplicity, and not Malice, admonish’d him of his Mistake: Keep your self well while you are well, says the Snake; for if you meddle with me, you’ll repent your Bargain.

‘Tis the Intention, morally speaking, that makes the Action good or bad; and even Brutes themselves, will put a Difference betwixt Harms of Ill-Will and Mischance.

An Ass, a Lyon and a Cock

As a Cock and an Ass were Feeding together, up comes a Lion Open-mouth'd toward the Ass: The Cock presently cries out; away Scours the Lion, and the Ass after him: Now 'twas the Crowing of the Cock that Frighted the Lion, not the Braying of the Ass, as that Stupid Animal vainly Fancy'd to himself; for so soon as ever they were gotten out of the Hearing of the Cock, the Lion turn'd short upon him, and tore him to pieces, with these Words in his Mouth: Let never any Creature hereafter that has not the Courage of a Hare, provoke a Lion.

The Force of Unaccountable Aversions, is Insuperable. The Fool that is Wise and Brave only in his Own Conceit, runs on without Fear or Wit; but Noise does no Bus'ness.

illustration by Barlow

A Flea and Hercules

There was a Fellow, that upon a Flea-biting call’d out to Hercules for Help. The Flea gets away, and the Man expostulates upon the Matter. Well, Hercules; (says he) you that would not take my part against a sorry Flea, will never stand by me in a time of Need, against a more powerful Enemy.

We neglect God in greater Matters, and petition him for Trifles, nay, and take pet at last if we cannot have our Askings.

illustration by Grandville

Clarke: English (17)

Here are some more fables from H. Clarke's Latin textbook Fabulae Aesopi selectae, or, Select fables of Aesop, and you can click here for all the fables reposted from this book at the blog.

81. Of the Fishes

A river fish is borne down by the force of the river into the sea, where extolling his nobility, he valued all the sea race at a low rate. The seal bore not this, but says, then would be a proof of nobility, if tkane he should be carried to market with a seal, that he should be bought by nobles, but he by the common people.

Moral. Many are so taken with the lust of glory that they boast themselves. But the praise of his own mouth is not given to a man for a priase, but is received with the laughter of the hearers.

illustration from a 19th-century Croxall

82. Of the Leopard and the Fox

A leopard, who has a painted back, the other beasts, even the lions, being despised by him, was puffed up. The fox comes to him, persuades him not to be proud, saying, indeed, that he had a fine skin, but himself had a fine mind.

Moral. There is a difference and order of good things: the goods of the body excel the goods of fortune, but the goods of the mind are to be preferred to these.

illustration by Barlow

83. Of the Fox and the Cat

When a fox in a discourse which he had with a cat boasted that he had various shifts, so that he had even a budget full of tricks, but the cat answered that she had only one art to which she trusted if there was anything of danger. While discoursing, suddenly the noise of the dogs running is heard: then the cat leaps into a very high tree; in the meantime the fox, surrounded by the dogs, is taken.

Moral. The fable intimates that comestimes one design, so that it be true and effectual, is better than more tricks, and frivolous designs.

illustration by Bewick

 

84. Of the King and the Apes

A certain Egyptian king appointed some apes that they should learn the action of dancing. For, as no animal cometh nearer to the figure of a man, so neither any other imitates human actions either better or more willingly. Therefore, presently being taught the art of dancing, they began to dance, clothed in purple vestments, and masked, and the sight now pleased for a long time in a wonderful manner, till noe of the spectators, facetious, threw nuts into the middle, which he had privately in his pockets. Then presently, the apes, as soon as they saw the nuts, having forgot the dance, began to be that which they had been before, and suddenly from dancers returned into apes, and their masks and clothes being torn, they fought among themselves for the nuts, not without the greatest laughter of the spectators.

Moral. This fable admonisheth that the ornaments of fortune do not change the disposition of a man.

illustration by Rackham

 

85. Of the Ass and the Travelers

Two certain men, when by chance they found an ass in a wood, began to contend between themselves which of them should lead him home as his own, for he seemed equally offered to either by fortune. In the meantime, they, wrangling by turns, the ass withdraw himself, and neither obtained him.

Moral. Some fall from present advantages which they know not how to use through ignorance.

illustration by Weir

Roger L'Estrange (14)

Here are some more fables from Roger L'Estrange's Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, and you can click here for all the L'Estrange fables at this blog.

A Hare and a Tortoise

What a dull heavy Creature (says a Hare) is this same Tortoise! And yet (says the Tortoise) I’ll run with you for a Wager. ‘Twas done and done, and the Fox, by Consent, was to be the Judge. They started together, and the Tortoise kept jogging on still till he came to the End of the Course. The Hare laid himself down about Midway, and took a Nap; for, says he, I can fetch up the Tortoise when I please: But he over-slept himself, it seems, for when he came to wake, though he scudded away as fast as ‘twas possible, the tortoise got to the Post before him, and won the Wager.

Up and be doing, is an edifying Text; for Action is the Business of Life, and there’s no Thought of ever coming to the End of our Journey in time, if we sleep by the Way.

illustration by Weir

A Wolf and a Lion

As a Wolf and a Lion were abroad upon Adventure together, Hark (says the Wolf) don’t you hear the Bleating of Sheep? My Life for yours, Sir, I’ll go fetch ye Purchase. Away he goes, and follows his Ear, till he came just under the Sheepfold; but it was so well fortify’d, and the Dogs asleep so near it, that back he comes sneaking to the Lion again, and tells him, There are Sheep yonder (says he) ‘tis true, but they are lean as Carrion, and we had e’en as good let ‘em alone till they have more Flesh on their Backs.

‘Tis Matter of Skill and Address, when a Man cannot honestly compass what he would be at, to appear easy and indifferent upon all Repulses and Disappointments.

A Fisherman's Good Luck

A Fisherman had been a long while at work without catching any thing, and so in great Trouble and Despair, he resolv'd to take up his Tackle and be gone: But in that very instant a great Fish leapt into the Boat, and by Providence made a tolerable Day on't.

Patience, Constancy, and Perseverance, is an honest Cause, and Duty can never fail of a happy End, one way or other.

illustration from the Medici Aesop

A Doctor and his Patient

Pray, Sir, how d'ye find yourself? Says the Dr. to his patient. Why truly, says the Patient, I have had a violent Sweat; oh the best Sign in the World, quoth the Dr. And then a little while after he is at it again, with a pray how d'ye find your Body? Alas, says t'other, I have just now had such a terrible Fit of horror and shaking upon me! Why this is all as it should be, says the Physician, it shews a mighty Strength of Nature. And then he comes over him a third time with the same Question again; why I am all swell'd, says t'other, as if I had a Dropsy; best of all, quoth the Doctor, and goes his way. Soon after this, comes one of the sick Man's Friends to him with the same Question, how he felt himself; why truly so well, says he, that I am e'en ready to die, of I know not how many good Signs and Tokens.

A death-bed Flattery is the worst of Treacheries.

A Shepherd Turn'd Merchant

A Countryman was feeding his Flock by the Sea-side, and it was so delicate a fine Day, that the Smoothness of the Water tempted him to leave his Shepherd’s Business and set up for a Merchant. So that in all haste he puts off his Stock, buys a Bargain of Figs, gets his Freight aboard, and away presently to Sea. It happen’d to be very foul Weather; so that the Mariners were fain to cast their whole Lading over-board, to save themselves and the Vessel. Upon this Miscarriage, our new Merchant-Adventurer betook himself to his old Trade again: And it happen’d one Day, as he was tending his Sheep upon the very same Coast, to be just such a flattering tempting Sea again as that betray’d him before: Yes, yes, says he, When the Devil’s blind: You’d have some more Figs with a Vengeance, would ye?

Men may be happy in all Estates, if they will but suit their Minds to their Condition. A Shepherd may be as easy in a Cottage, as a Prince in a Palace, with a Mind suited to his Station; but if they will be launching out into Trade, or Business that they do not understand, they have nothing left them to trust to when they are once bewilder’d, but the Hope of some kind Providence to put them in the right way home again.

illustration by Tenniel